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Crucifixion Diptych (van der Weyden)
Crucifixion Diptych — also known as Philadelphia Diptych, Calvary Diptych, Christ on the Cross with the Virgin and St. John, or The Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John the Evangelist Mourning — is a diptych by the Early Netherlandish artist Rogier van der Weyden, completed c. 1460,〔The Philadelphia Museum of Art dates the painting c. 1460; de Vos dates it slightly later (c. 1464–65). De Vos, 334-35.〕 today in the Philadelphia Museum of Art. The panels are noted for their technical skill, visceral impact and for possessing a physicality and directness unusual for Netherlandish art of the time. The Philadelphia Museum of Art describes pair as the "greatest Old Master painting in the Museum."〔Crawford Luber, Katherine. ''Philadelphia Museum of Art: Handbook of the Collections'', 1995. 167〕
The painting's provenance prior to the mid-19th century is unknown. Its extreme starkness has led art historians to theorize that it was created as a devotional work, possibly for a Carthusian monastery. It is not known if the panels comprised a self-contained diptych, two-thirds of a triptych, or originally were a single panel.〔Wilhelm R. Valentiner, author of the Dutch and Flemish painting volume of the 1914 Johnson Collection catalogue, proposes that the panels were the shutters of a triptych. Johnson Catalogue 1914, 14.〕 Some art historians have mentioned that the work seems unbalanced overall and lacking symmetry (which might indicate a missing panel or panels). Recent scholarship proposes that the panels functioned as the outer shutters of a carved altarpiece.〔Tucker, ''New Findings.''〕
==The panels==
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